Basic spanish adjectives
Used for size: big / small. 'Pequeño' must agree in gender with the noun it describes.
Used for quality: good / bad. These must also agree in gender and number.
Used for appearance: pretty / ugly. Very common for describing objects and sometimes people.
Used for difficulty: easy / difficult. These adjectives do not change for gender.
Used for age: new / old. Must agree in gender and number.
The house is big and pretty.
The book is good, but it's difficult.
I have two new cars.
The Spanish lessons are easy.
My grandmother is a very good person.
The grammatical rules for adjectives (agreement in gender and number, placement after the noun) are standard across the entire Spanish-speaking world. Vocabulary is where you'll find the main differences.
It's more common to hear 'lindo/a' instead of 'bonito/a' for 'pretty'. For 'car', they say 'auto'.
To describe something as 'cool', you'll hear 'chévere' or 'bacano', which are adjectives.
For 'cool', the adjectives 'chido' and 'padre' are very common. 'Bonito/a' is used frequently.
Instead of 'bonito', 'guapo/a' is very common for people ('handsome/beautiful'). For 'cool', they use the adjective 'guay'. They also say 'coche' for 'car'.
Forgetting gender and number agreement. Spanish adjectives must 'agree' with the noun they describe. INCORRECT: 'la casa grande' and 'los carros nuevo'. CORRECT: 'la casa grande' and 'los carros nuevos'. Notice 'grande' doesn't change for gender, but many adjectives ending in -o do ('nuevo' -> 'nueva').
Placing the adjective before the noun. Unlike English, most Spanish adjectives come AFTER the noun. INCORRECT: 'el rojo carro'. CORRECT: 'el carro rojo' (the red car).
Using 'ser' for temporary conditions. For feelings or states that can change, use 'estar'. 'Ser' is for more permanent characteristics. INCORRECT: 'Soy cansado'. CORRECT: 'Estoy cansado' (I am tired).
Not shortening 'bueno' and 'malo'. Before a masculine singular noun, 'bueno' becomes 'buen' and 'malo' becomes 'mal'. INCORRECT: 'Es un bueno día'. CORRECT: 'Es un buen día' (It's a good day).
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